Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobin S and D: what do we need to know?

Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobin S and D: what do we need to know?☆

Hemoglobinopathies are among the most common hereditary blood diseases worldwide and are considered a public health problem in some regions. In Brazil, hemoglobin S (Hb S) has a variable frequency between different regions mainly due to the ethnic composition of local populations. Due to the multiethnic characteristics of the Brazilian people, some regions reflect scenarios that allow us to con...

Molecular approaches to diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis what we know and what we do not know.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) are a major complication in immunocompromized patients where can be serious and rapidly fatal. Early diagnosis and early appropriate antifungal treatment is important in reducing mortality and morbidity. But despite many efforts to develop detection methods, the diagnosis of IA still remains challenging and current conventional methods are limited for adequate diagno...

What do we know? What do we need to know?

Do We Know What We Do not Know? A Response to Celine Bonnet

Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for dermatologists: What shall we do when we don’t know what to do?

What shall we do when we have done everything we could for the diagnosis and treatment of a patient, but were not successful? What shall we do when there is no definite treatment for a patient? What shall we do when we have no diagnosis or treatment for a patient? Some useful suggestions are presented here to get rid of these situations.